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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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The records consist of vestry minutes, parish records, accounting and financial records, deeds, architectural drawings, photographs, and audiovisual materials. In addition, there are materials from parish organizations and affiliated institutions such as Christ Church Hospital, Episcopal School, Christ Church Burial Ground, and Christ Church Preservation Trust.</text>
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                <text>Christ Church and St. Peter's correspondence and records concerning bell ringers and burials, 1801</text>
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                <text>Includes a letter and draft copy from bell ringer Joseph Dolby to the Vestry of Christ Church and St. Peter's, defending himself against accusations made by the Governor of Pennsylvania regarding his Revolutionary War allegiances and his refusal to ring the bells on July 4th. Dolby asserts his Philadelphia birth, militia service, and oath of allegiance to the United States.

Also includes a committee report signed by the bell ringers agreeing to ring the bell on July 4th annually, and a letter from James Abercrombie requesting a burial order for the infant son of John Martin Baker. See also object ID: 1.4.0.1 for related documentation.</text>
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                <text>Committee minutes and related correspondence concerning Christ Church bell ringers and Joseph Dolby, Head Bell Ringer. On 8 July 1801, a committee met with bell ringers Joseph Dolby, Charles Hollick, Richard Thornhill, John Tister, and Caleb Offley; all except Dolby declared they were unaware until April 1801 of any existing contract obligating them to ring the bell on 4 July, and they agreed to ring annually in accordance with vestry resolutions of 5 July 1782 and 27 May 1801 [p.1].

Dolby addresses Bishop White and the Rector, Church-Wardens, and Vestrymen of Christ Church and St. Peter's, responding to a letter from the Governor of Pennsylvania alleging that Dolby, out of disaffection to the independence of the United States, refused to allow the bells to be rung on the late 4 July, and further alleging he was an Englishman and had been a Tory during the Revolution. Dolby asks, as an act of justice to a man who has been their Head Bell Ringer for 36 years, that his statement be entered on the minutes. He asserts he was born in Philadelphia (as shown in the baptism register), that his father was also a native and a respectable member of the churches, that he served in the militia artillery from the beginning of the Revolutionary War until disabled by a nervous fever affecting his limbs, and that on 4 July 1776 he was carried into the bell-room in the arms of John Williams and John Field to be present at the exhibition of public joy despite his infirmity [p.2r-2v]. He states that in the summer of 1777 he took the oath of allegiance to the United States within the time limited by law, retiring to New Jersey with his family upon the approach of the British army to the city and not returning until after the evacuation [p.4].

Additional records include a request (11 Aug. 1801) from James Abercrombie to Thomas Cumpston for an order admitting the burial of John Martin Baker's 13-month-old infant son in Christ Church burial ground, to be carried to Dolby, noting Baker is an English gentleman residing a few miles out of town [p.3]. A later note records the birth (19 June 1800) and baptism (31 July 1808) of John Martin Baker, son of John Martin and Harriet D. Baker, with assurance that Baker, being a stranger unacquainted with the regulations, will cheerfully pay all charges when the funeral is over [p.5r-5v].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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                <text>Two letters addressed to the wardens and vestry of the united churches of Christ Church and St. Peter's Church in Philadelphia. James Abercrombie writes concerning his plan to open an academy and assures the vestry that it will not interfere with his parochial duties. Joseph H. Fleming applies to be appointed collector of pew rents for the churches, citing his experience collecting ground rents and debts for Philadelphia clients.</text>
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                <text>This grouping contains two letters directed to the Church Wardens and Vestry of the United Churches of Christ Church and St. Peter's, Philadelphia. In the first letter, the Reverend James Abercrombie requests the Vestry's approval to open an academy "upon a pretty extensive scale," assuring them that his attendance at the school would not interrupt "the usual and proper discharge of my parochial duties" and expressing hope that his "urgent motives" would induce their compliance [p. 1v]. The second letter, dated April 19, 1800, is from Joseph De Fleming, who, advised by a friend belonging to the Society, solicits appointment to collect the pew rents of the United Churches [p. 2r]. Fleming notes that about a year earlier he had applied through General Francis Gurney and J. L. Porter to have Thomas Cumpston appoint him, but Cumpston chose to continue the other person then serving. He asks the Vestry to try him for one year and points to his business collecting ground rents and debts for various Philadelphia gentlemen, including Twells &amp; Morris (brewers), P. &amp; H. Miercken, Dr. Caldwell, Campbell, and the booksellers Rice, Dobson &amp; Ormrod, offering them as references. Fleming concludes that his honesty, industry, and address will enable him to perform the duty and satisfy all parties concerned [p. 2v].</text>
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                <text>Joseph Dobbins writes to Bishop William White, Robert Blackwell, and Robert Towers regarding payment delinquency on an annuity. 

Dobbins expresses frustration with the "unkind usage" he has received regarding the irregular payments, noting that he refused a partial payment from a Captain Williamson because a consistent payment method had not been adopted. He praises Mr. Hazlehurst for offering to advance the money but demands the recipients establish a reliable payment method through reputable agents.</text>
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                <text>Letter from Joseph Dobbins, written in Charleston, South Carolina, to the Right Rev. William White, D.D., Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Pennsylvania, complaining that he has not received an annuity as expected under a contract. Dobbins states that White and two other gentlemen promised punctual quarterly payments after the first twelve months; he reports receiving $150 via Capt. Strong and being offered $160 via Capt. Williamson, but he refused until a regular quarterly payment method was adopted [image 1]. He recounts complaining to Mr. Hasselhurst, who offered to pay him the whole amount, but Dobbins declines to place himself under obligation to anyone other than the gentlemen responsible for the annuity [image 1]. He asks that matters be ordered so the money is paid according to contract by a reliable person such as Mr. Hasselhurst, “and not by Pedlers,” and addresses the letter also to Mr. Blackwell and Robt. Towers [image 2]. A later annotation notes “Joseph Dobbins 22 Decr 1787 Philada” [image 2].</text>
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                <text>In this document dated April 6, 1776, Richard Peters, late Rector of the United Congregations of Christ Church and St. Peter's Churches, formally remises and quits claim to all demands and requests he had against the said Churches, giving them a full release [p. 1r]. He states that he does this in accordance with a solemn promise made in Vestry immediately before his resignation [p. 1r]. In turn, he expects the Churches to pay and exonerate him from a bond he entered into on their account with the Academy of the City, except for forty pounds sterling and the interest thereon, which was paid off the previous year [p. 1v]. The document is signed and dated the sixth day of April 1776 [p. 1v]. An inverted, faint draft of the same release text appears on the verso [p. 1v].</text>
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                <text>Letter to Richard Terrick, Bishop of London, from the church wardens and vestrymen of the united churches of Christ Church and St. Peter's Church in Philadelphia, and a testimony regarding the resignation of Rev. Richard Peters and the appointment of Rev. Jacob Duché to the rectorship.

The documents record Peters's resignation due to bodily infirmities after many years of service, and the vestry's unanimous election and recommendation of Duché, described as a native of Philadelphia who had served as assistant minister for more than fifteen years.</text>
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                <text>This grouping consists of two documents concerning the transition of leadership at the united Episcopal Churches of Christ Church and St. Peter's Church in Philadelphia in 1775. The first document [p. 1r] is a humble address from the Church-Wardens and Vestry-Men to Richard, Lord Bishop of London, reporting that the Rev. Richard Peters, D.D., their late worthy rector, had voluntarily resigned his rectorship after many years of faithful service due to his bodily infirmities. In consequence, the vestry unanimously elected the Rev. Jacob Duché, A.M., to be rector of the united churches. They note that Duché is a native of Philadelphia, known to most of them since childhood, and had officiated as assistant minister under license from the Bishop's predecessor for upwards of sixteen years (amended to fifteen) with universal approbation. They warmly recommend him for his exemplary conduct, zeal, piety, and learning, and request the Bishop's favorable approval [p. 1r]. The address is dated Philadelphia, October 30, 1775, and is subscribed by church wardens John Morgan and Jonathan Browne, along with vestrymen including Edward Shippen, Jacob Duché Sr., Joseph Swift, Benjamin Wynkoop, Thomas Cuthbert, Gerard Clarkson, Richard Willing, Samuel Powel, Peter Dehaven, James Humphreys, Peter Knight, James Reynolds, Edmund Physick, William Modell, and Alexander Wilcocks [p. 1v].

The second document [p. 2r] is the formal deed of resignation executed by Richard Peters on September 23, 1775. In it, Peters, citing his bodily infirmities and desiring to be relieved and exonerated from the burden, cure, and government of his rectory, deliberately and absolutely renounces and resigns the rectory and churches, together with all their rights, profits, members, and appurtenances, into the hands of the Church-Wardens and Vestry-Men, leaving the rectory vacant. The document is signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of witnesses Matthew Whitehead and Jacob Diegel [p. 2r].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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                <text>Draft letter from attorneys acting for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts regarding an agreement with Thomas Penn's agents for a lot of land in Philadelphia, to be vested for the perpetual use of the parson of Christ Church.

The letter notes a generous donation by Reverend Richard Peters, former secretary to the Proprietor and Governor, of £100 sterling, with a proposal to raise an additional £100 by voluntary contributions, to enlarge the lot. Two-fifths of the larger lot was to be dedicated to the use of the parson of the newly erected St. Peter's Church.

The writers request the Society's advice and permission to hold title locally in the name of the Philadelphia corporation rather than directly in the Society's name, in order to simplify management of the property, subdivision into smaller lots, collection of perpetual ground rents, renewal of powers of attorney, and possible legal actions against delinquent tenants. They also ask the Society to transfer £300 in New South Sea Annuities Stock to Thomas Penn as payment for the lot.</text>
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                <text>This draft letter, dated January 12, 1762, from the attorneys of the Society to a Reverend Sir, concerns the acquisition of land in Philadelphia to support the Parson of Christ Church. The attorneys acknowledge receipt of the Society's letter of attorney authorizing them, or the major part of them, to contract for lands in the Province worth £300 sterling to be vested in the Society for the perpetual use of the Parson of Christ Church [p.1r]. They report agreeing with the agents of the Honorable Proprietor Thomas Penn, Esq., for a lot in the city which they conceive will well answer the intended use, and enclose a plot of it [p.1r].

The letter notes that Reverend Richard Peters, late Secretary to the Proprietor and Governor, most generously offered £100 sterling and proposed to obtain a like sum from others through voluntary contributions to enlarge the purchased lot, with two-fifths of the larger lot to be settled and vested for the use of the Parson of St. Peter's Church, newly erected in the city, a benevolence the attorneys heartily approve and gratefully acknowledge [p.1r]. The attorneys, in the name of and as attorneys to the Society, entered into articles of agreement with the Proprietor's agents for the purchase of this great lot in the name of the Society, but declined for the present to receive the title deed in full form (though offered to them) until they could obtain the Society's further advice and approbation [p.1r].

The attorneys anticipate practical difficulties in carrying out the charity: the great lot must be divided and let into smaller lots under perpetual ground rents, tenants may prove troublesome and refuse payment, the Society will often be put to trouble to renew their power, the Society's attorney may die, and lawsuits may be required to recover rents, with no attorney from the Society present locally to prosecute such suits [p.1r]. They therefore request the Society's advice and consent to receive the title in the name of any of the Corporation in the city, promising to transmit an exemplified copy of the deed, believing this mode of title will obviate every objection to the ready and speedy recovery of the rents [p.1v].

Finally, having ratified the agreement by sealing articles, the attorneys ask the Society to order a transfer of the £300 in New South Sea Annuities Stock to Thomas Penn, whose agent has agreed to accept it in payment for the lot [p.1v].</text>
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Noteworthy events detailed in the records include the severe paralytic and asthmatic illness of the 70-year-old Rev. Dr. Robert Jenny, which left Rev. William Sturgeon to manage a large and growing congregation. The Vestry outlines their resolution to build a new neat and handsome church, measuring 90 by 60 feet, on a lot provided by the Proprietaries. The files also document efforts to secure additional clergy, including a petition to ordain Jacob Duché Junior, a proposal signed by 74 parishioners to hire Rev. William Macclenachan by private subscription, and subsequent correspondence with Christ Church in Boston seeking a character reference for Macclenachan.</text>
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                <text>Philip Bearcroft, secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, writes from the London Charterhouse to the churchwardens and vestry of Christ Church, Philadelphia, concerning William Sturgeon's appointment as assistant to the rector in religious offices.

Bearcroft states that the Society has consented to the vestry's request, appointing Sturgeon while relying on Christ Church's promise to supplement the Society's annual £30 salary for his work as catechist to Black people, so that he may have a comfortable and decent maintenance.</text>
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                <text>The document is a letter addressed to the churchwardens and vestry of Christ Church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and docketed as Dr. Bearcroft's letter concerning William Sturgeon's appointment [p. 1r]. Philip Bearcroft writes on behalf of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, stating that the Society has agreed to appoint Sturgeon as assistant to the rector of Christ Church in the offices of religion [p. 1v]. Bearcroft notes that this appointment depends on the vestry's promise to add to the Society's £30 annual salary for Sturgeon's work as catechist to Black people, so that Sturgeon may receive a comfortable and decent maintenance [p. 1v]. Bearcroft expresses confidence that the vestry will fulfill this promise liberally and hopes that Sturgeon's conduct, diligence, and good life will merit their support [p. 1v]. The letter is dated London Charterhouse, May 28, 1747, and signed by Bearcroft as secretary [p. 1v].</text>
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&#13;
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The letter expresses gratitude for the Society's decision to establish a catechistical lecture for the instruction of African Americans ("Negroes") and others, providing a salary of 30 pounds per annum. It also formally recommends William Sturgeon, a graduate of Yale College, to fill the role of catechist and assistant to the Rector, Dr. Robert Jenney, in order to further the religious education of the congregation and others.</text>
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                <text>Copy of an address to the Society in favor of Mr. Sturgeon</text>
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                <text>The churchwardens and vestry of Christ Church in Philadelphia address the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts after being informed by Dr. Bearcroft that the Society had resolved to establish a catechetical lecture in the church, with a salary of thirty pounds per year, for the instruction of “Negroes &amp; Others” [p. 1r]. They express gratitude for the Society’s support and acknowledge the efforts of their rector, Dr. Jenney, in representing the needs of the congregation [p. 1r].

The vestry explains that it considered how to supplement the Society’s salary in order to provide adequate support for a qualified catechist, especially if the appointee could also serve as assistant to the rector [p. 1r]. Since no suitable candidate was available locally, Dr. Jenney wrote to clergy and acquaintances in other colonies seeking a learned and capable person [p. 1r]. In response, William Sturgeon of Yale College came from Connecticut to Philadelphia, was recommended by Society missionaries and other reputable gentlemen, and was accepted by the minister, churchwardens, and vestry, who ask the Society to approve him as catechist and assistant to the rector [p. 1v]. The address closes with a hope that the Society’s support will strengthen Anglican worship and religious instruction in Philadelphia [p. 1v].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
&#13;
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>1.7.0.9; F63(c)</text>
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                <text>A majority of the documents in this folder pertains to the 1904 Easter Monday election. Of note was the issue of ending the rectorship of C. Ellis Stevens. Present are a high number of regret letters from various parish members explaining their inability to attend the vote. Edward H. Coates details the vestry's specific objections to Dr. Stevens, which included allegations of frequent inconsistency, falsehoods, drinking and intoxication, offensive manners, and worldly ambition.

Other notable documents include extensive legal opinions provided by Judge M. Russell Thayer on issues such as the potential separation of Christ Church Chapel, vestry qualifications, quorum rules, and property holdings. Additionally, the folder contains a 1910 letter regarding a music committee contract, and a 1922 letter from John C. DaCosta, 3d to Clement R. Wainwright expressing his acceptance to the Vestry.</text>
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                <text>The folder opens with correspondence between George M. Coates and Hon. M. Russell Thayer regarding the proposed separation of Christ Church and Christ Church Chapel, in which Thayer advises that such a separation would require the concurrent assent of all interested parties, ecclesiastical authorities, and possibly an amendment of the Church's charter, and deprecates any premature attempt [p.1-5]. A brief 1889 letter records the resignation of Thomas H. Montgomery [p.6]. A lengthy 1893 legal opinion by Thayer addresses the qualifications of Vestrymen under the 1765 Charter and the Act of 1832, concluding that Vestrymen must have paid for a sitting for three successive years, and that seven members constitute a quorum with the Rector not counted as a Vestryman [p.7-18]. An 1896 opinion to Charles P. Keith weighs the risks of accepting the Act of 1889 and subjecting the corporation to cumulative voting under the Constitution of 1874 [p.19-21]. Additional Thayer opinions from 1894 and 1897 address the burial ground endowment trust obligations [p.22-23].

The bulk of the folder concerns the 1904 Easter Monday election held April 4, and the movement to sever the rectorship of the Rev. C. Ellis Stevens. Proxy appointments and letters from members abroad or ill—including Charles E. Coxe, writing from Rome [p.24-25], B. M. Campbell [p.32], Harriet M. C. Jacobs [p.33], Elizabeth Hays Da Costa [p.29], M. Russell Thayer [p.34], Richard Peters [p.35], Charles D. Clark [p.36, p.39], and Robert Ralston [p.37-38]—endorse the present Vestry's action. Central to this dispute is confidential correspondence between Edward H. Coates and T. Chester Walbridge: Coates enumerates the Vestry's objections to Stevens, including unreliability in statement, church accounts, and conduct (with allegations of intoxication), as well as offensive manner, intrigue, and worldly ambition [p.26-27]. Walbridge replies that while indebted to Stevens for personal courtesies, he cannot support him, yet urges consideration of Christ Church as a national monument akin to Independence Hall deserving perpetual protection [p.30-31].

A 1910 letter concerns a contract for church music referred to the Music Committee [p.40]. The folder closes with a 1922 letter from John C. DaCosta, 3d, humbly accepting his election to the Vestry and asking that his appreciation be conveyed to the body [p.41].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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The records consist of vestry minutes, parish records, accounting and financial records, deeds, architectural drawings, photographs, and audiovisual materials. In addition, there are materials from parish organizations and affiliated institutions such as Christ Church Hospital, Episcopal School, Christ Church Burial Ground, and Christ Church Preservation Trust.</text>
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                <text>Correspondence pertains to many topics, including the separation of Christ Church Chapel from Christ Church, theological disputes regarding private confession, and church administrative matters. 

Noteworthy events detailed in the correspondence include Assistant Minister G. Woolsey Hodge defending his theological position and use of private confession against the Rector's demands for his resignation; Tobias Wagner objecting to women being allowed to vote on the release of the Chapel property; and Bishop William Bacon Stevens withdrawing a proposed compromise between the Chapel and Christ Church due to the Chapel congregation taking forcible possession of the building to form a new parish (Church of the Holy Communion). Additional letters concern financial transactions for Christ Church Hospital, the assignment of a pew for the Bishop's family, and Thomas H. Montgomery's resignation as Treasurer of the Endowment Fund.</text>
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                <text>This collection documents the controversy surrounding the separation of Christ Church Chapel from Christ Church, Philadelphia, in the 1880s. The most substantial item is a letter from Assistant Minister George Woolsey Hodge to the Vestry (14 January 1880) responding to the Rector's demand for his resignation. Hodge argues he holds his office by the same tenure as the Rector and cannot be removed except by ecclesiastical process [p.7]. He defends the teaching of private confession by the Rev. Mr. Percival, insisting it was misunderstood, and quotes the 1871 pastoral letter of the House of Bishops, which permits but does not compel private confession [p.4-p.5]. He denies violating any pledge regarding liturgical variations, noting no such pledge was ever exacted, and cites his introduction of weekly communion and a surpliced choir with prior notice to the Rector [p.8-p.9]. He compares the practice of varied customs among chapels to Trinity Church, New York [p.9-p.10], and closes with an apology and a farewell after ten years of service [p.10-p.11].

Tobias Wagner objects to votes cast by women on the release of the Chapel property, arguing women are not entitled to vote for Vestrymen [p.13]. Thomas C. Hand, holding a proxy for the ill George H. Flanagan, protests the refusal of Flanagan's vote against the separation as an infringement of his rights as a pewholder [p.14]. Bishop William Bacon Stevens withdraws his compromise plan (22 March 1880), citing the Chapel Committee's forcible possession of the Chapel, its effort to charter a new parish (the Church of the Holy Communion), and its disregard for diocesan canons [p.15r-p.15v].

W. H. Lansdale reports resigning from the trust holding title under the deed from James McCoy, with no transfer of property having been made [p.16r]. George E. Hoffman conveys resolutions from Christ Church Hospital requesting assignment of a $5,000 bond and mortgage and authorization to sell U.S. government loans held in trust [p.17r-p.17v]. Bishop Stevens thanks the Vestry for assigning a pew for the use of the Bishop's family [p.18r-p.18v]. Finally, Thomas H. Montgomery submits his resignation as a Vestry member and Treasurer of the Endowment Fund (10 May 1889) [p.19].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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                <text>Correspondence of the vestry of Christ Church, Philadelphia, dating from 1856 to 1880. The documents include John A. McAllister's note presenting a photograph made from an 1787 engraving of the interior of Christ Church; the resignation letter of vestry member William C. Kent; a request from St. Peter's Church for a contribution toward the funeral expenses of Bishop Henry Ustick Onderdonk; a salary-related letter from a former assistant minister writing from Savannah during the Civil War; correspondence and a plan concerning property on West De Lancey Place; an invitation to the opening services of the new St. James's Church; and letters from architect Henry A. Sims regarding perceived imperfections in the parish building and proposed repairs.

The file also includes 1880 correspondence from assistant minister George Woolsey Hodge to the vestry concerning Rector Edward A. Foggo's request that Hodge resign, Hodge's conditional resignation, and his concerns for the chapel under his charge.</text>
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                <text>This collection of twelve documents comprises correspondence received by the Vestry of Christ Church, Philadelphia, between 1856 and 1880. It opens with an 1856 note from John A. McAllister presenting a photograph prepared from an old engraving of the "Interior of Christ Church in 1787," a plate originally published by James Peller Malcolm with Bishop William White's permission, with proceeds aiding the Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons [p.1]. This is followed by William C. Kent's brief resignation as a vestry member, dated 4 June 1856 [p.2].

An 1858 letter from Horace Binney Jr., writing for a committee of St. Peter's Church, encloses a resolution authorizing payment of fifty dollars toward the funeral expenses of the late Right Rev. Henry Ustick Onderdonk and solicits Christ Church's participation [p.3r-3v]. An 1864 letter from Savannah, Georgia, by the former Assistant Minister (signed Cadwalader) to Peter McCall recounts a salary dispute: a $92 balance owed him was paid in depreciated Confederate currency worth only about $33 in specie, and he requests the difference be sent to his niece, Mrs. Mary S. Winslow of Roxbury, widow of Capt. Francis Winslow, U.S.N. [p.4r-4v].

An 1867 letter from Eph. Clark to Edward L. Clark discusses the offer of lots on West De Lancey Place for the Vestry of St. James's, with a diagram of the lots and their prospective owners [p.5r-6]. An 1871 letter from Warden G. W. Hunter invites the Vestry of Christ Church to the opening services of the new St. James's Church [p.7]. An 1871 note from G. Woolsey Hodge concerns a contested election and pending protests [p.8r-8v].

A substantial 1873 exchange with the architectural firm H. A. &amp; J. P. Sims addresses defects in the Parish Building. Henry A. Sims explains that his original design supported the floors with wooden columns, but that the Vestry objected to columns and to the interior height, prompting a revised design placing the large parish school room above and spanning it without adequate support, against his stated judgment; he argues the resulting fault is not his and that he should not bear the repair cost [p.9-14]. In a follow-up letter of 5 May 1873, Sims itemizes the work he proposes—reimbursing $55.85 paid to contractor R. B. Blake, adding a man hole to the roof deck, stopping a leak, and placing a flag stone under a wooden post—provided the Vestry pass a resolution accepting the work as final [p.15r-16].

The collection concludes with an extended 1880 statement by Assistant Minister George Woolsey Hodge to the Vestry, transcribing his correspondence with Rector Edward A. Foggo. Foggo demands Hodge's unconditional resignation based on a verbal pledge, refusing to reveal the complaints against him; Hodge tenders a conditional resignation tied to the appointment of a successor or the chapel's erection into a separate parish, which Foggo returns as noncompliant. Hodge defends his conduct, denies the accusations made by a lady formerly connected with the chapel, and stresses his six years of labor for the chapel while leaving the final terms to the Vestry's decision [p.17-24].</text>
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                <text>Correspondence includes letters relating to church and organ repair and a thank you letter to a Frances Lapsley, who went to care for Rev. James when he took ill on a trip to Western Pennsylvania.

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A particularly interesting letter/report discusses the failure of public schools to teach the neighborhood children to read as a reason to maintain support of the church's Parochial Day School, noting that poor children attend public schools for years without learning to read.</text>
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                <text>This collection of fourteen documents comprises the correspondence of the Vestry of Christ Church, Philadelphia, from 1836 to 1847, touching on church repairs, the death of the rector, pew disputes, church music, parish education, and record inquiries.

Architect Thomas U. Walter wrote to Moses Kempton in August 1836 regarding plastering and the decision whether to paint the church walls, promising to examine the organ in New York on his return [p.1]. A later 1837 letter from Walter concerns an outstanding bill and his examination of stained glass belonging to Mr. Caldcleugh, which he found unsuitable because the gothic figures could not be adapted to the church's windows [p.7r, p.7v]. Thomas H. White resigned his vestry membership in July 1836 [p.2].

Several documents concern the illness and death of Rector Rev. John Waller James. The Vestry's letter of September 1836 to Frances Lapsley expresses gratitude for her Christian kindness in ministering to James, who arrived at Huntingdon suffering from a sharp dysentery during court week and lay in a crowded, noisy tavern until Lapsley cared for him night and day; the letter records his dying message that the congregation should "take heed to the words that he had spoken" [p.4r, p.4v]. Lapsley's reply of October 1836 acknowledges the Vestry's note [p.3]. Rev. Henry W. Ducachet offered in November 1836 to officiate gratuitously while the church was without a rector [p.5r, p.5v], and a committee requested Rev. W. H. De Lancey to preach a sermon on James's death [p.6r, p.6v].

Pew and sitting rights are addressed in Anna Maria Williams's December 1838 defense of her family's four sittings in Pew No. 12, held for 31 years and rented in the name of James Williams, against forfeiture for underletting [p.8r, p.8v], and in Thomas H. White's 1839 correspondence submitting documentary evidence—a receipt from Mrs. Anna Morris—to prove his father's title to a pew [p.9r, p.9v].

An 1844 appeal from the Wardens of the Church of the Nativity, Spring Garden, solicits missionary funds for a field of fifteen thousand inhabitants without any church [p.10]. Church music correspondence includes organist Charles Hommann's December 1844 resignation after his introduction of new tunes (including Mozart) met with congregational discontent [p.11r, p.11v], and Horace Binney's November 1844 letter as chairman of the Committee on Music, regretting the discontinuance of familiar tunes and noting that recent chants were too long [p.12r, p.12v].

An 1845 communication from the female managers of the Parochial Day School details the school's founding in January 1843, prompted partly by the observation that poor children attending public primary schools continued for years without learning to read; it recounts teacher turnover, declining enrollment, financial difficulties in meeting the teacher's $200 salary, and an appeal for the Vestry to subscribe $80 per annum for the education of ten poor Episcopalians, along with complaints about the unsafe and filthy entrance to the school building [p.13r, p.13v]. Finally, a June 1847 letter from James R. Hitchcock of New York inquires how to prove the marriage of Lewis I. Costigan, said to have been performed by a minister of the church between 1792 and 1798; a notation records that the name was not found on the register [p.14].</text>
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                <text>The folder contains correspondence and vestry records of Christ Church (Philadelphia, Pa.) from 1832 to 1836. It opens with a printed circular letter from Rev. James Montgomery, Secretary of the Corporation for the Relief of the Widows and Children of Clergymen, dated 14 May 1832, urging vestries to subscribe to the relief fund on behalf of their pastors and explaining the difficulty posed by clergy changing parishes [p.1].

A letter from Corrie and Hubie (19 September 1832) addresses the tuning and repair of the Christ Church organ, defending their work, noting a six-dollar charge to fix the pedal put out of order by laying the floor, refusing to have the organist sign their bill, and offering to resign the charge to "more competant hands" [p.2r-2v].

Records from November 1832 concern Christ Church Hospital and the Joseph Dobbins legacy of 200 shares in the Bank of South Carolina. The committee, alarmed by "public agitation in the State of South Carolina of a spirit of opposition to the laws of the United States," recommended selling the stock; the vestry passed a vote of thanks to Henry A. De Saussure of Charleston and directed the sale [p.3r-3v].

Correspondence from the Resolution Hose Company (10 July 1833) requests a ten-year lease renewal for ground occupied at the burial ground, hoping the vestry would not charge rent given the company's expense in erecting the building and vaults [p.4]. A subsequent letter (15 October 1833) records the company's agreement to pay an annual rent of twenty dollars, commencing 2 October 1833 [p.5].

A letter from the Revere Copper Company (J. Davis &amp; Co., Boston, 14 February 1835) to Moses Humpton discusses the difficulty of recasting a bell to match a chime, offering instead to select an existing bell at eight cents per pound difference, with accompanying cost calculations [p.6r-6v].

Several 1836 letters from architect Thomas U. Walter to Moses Kempton concern alterations to Christ Church. On 8 January 1836 Walter estimated the total improvement—including two furnaces, new pews, a western vestibule, stairways, new galleries, and removal of eastern stairs—at about $5,500, with new galleries and modern pews alone costing about $1,500, and declined to contract for the work owing to uncertain labor prices [p.7r-7v]. On 21 March 1836 Walter sent apologies for missing a committee meeting due to illness [p.8]. On 21 July 1836 he estimated replastering the entire interior (except the chancel) at $675 above the contract amount, requiring about one additional month [p.11], and Kempton replied on 22 July 1836 endorsing replastering the whole interior for a "finished &amp; complete whole" and noting a possible mistake in the amount named [p.12r-12v].

Other items include an inquiry from Jacob Ridgway to William Meredith, chairman of the committee of the vestry of St. Peter's Church (10 March 1836), about buying or leasing a church house on the south side of Mulberry Street near Front Street [p.9r-9v], and a letter from William Smith (7 May 1836) tendering his resignation of an appointment because he could not attend the approaching Convention of the Church [p.10].</text>
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                <text>This collection of correspondence addressed to the Vestry of the United Churches (Christ Church, St. Peter's, and St. James) covers various administrative and congregational matters from 1827 to 1832. Subjects pertain to a burial ground commemoration and a dispute over headstones; a gift to Saint Thomas Church of the crystal chandeliers from Saint Peter's Church; rights to church pews, most notably the complex legal transmission of the pew associated with Samuel and Elizabeth Powel; and a request of the Male Sunday School to take up a collection in aid of their services.

Notable events documented include Harriet Keatting's remonstrance to protect her parents' gravestone, a formal petition from St. James' Church members to separate from the union due to financial difficulties, and Rev. W. H. Delancey declining a permanent pastoral connection due to his University duties. Additionally, the Male Sunday School's request for a church collection was formally denied, though members of the Vestry personally raised funds for them.</text>
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                <text>Christ Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                <text>This collection of vestry correspondence for the United Churches of Christ Church, St. Peter's, and St. James in Philadelphia covers the years 1827 to 1832, with one later letter from 1849. In an April 1827 remonstrance, Harriet Keatting objects to the anticipated removal of the headstone marking the grave of her parents, George and Margaret Fudge, who died in 1793 and 1797 and were interred in the burying ground at the corner of Fifth and Arch Streets; she opposes a plan by the family of her sister, Mrs. Fougeray, to replace the stone [p.1r-1v]. A May 1827 letter from wardens John Bowers and James Johnson of St. Thomas Church conveys thanks for the gift of the crystal chandeliers formerly belonging to St. Peter's Church [p.2].

An October 1828 petition, signed by members including John Markland, Thomas Hale, J. Read, and William Rawle Jr., requests that the vestry consider erecting St. James' Church into a separate corporation, attributing the churches' financial embarrassment to their union; it was read in vestry October 17, 1828, and referred to a committee [p.3].

Several items concern pew rights. An 1849 letter from William Watson to Joseph R. Ingersoll disputes the number of sittings in a pew held by his mother for 25 years [p.4r-4v]. An April 1831 letter from Mrs. Francis inquires about the terms for two seats formerly held by the late Mrs. Powel [p.5]. The most substantial correspondence, dated July 6, 1830 (with related dockets from February 1830), is from executor Edward Shippen Burd to the committee of vestry regarding two sittings in Pew No. 41 at St. Peter's Church held by the late Elizabeth Powel. Burd quotes at length the residuary clauses of Powel's will and includes a legal opinion by Horace Binney dated April 6, 1830, concluding that the pew interest should vest in John Hare Powel, whom Elizabeth Powel treated in loco parentis and who had adopted her name at her request [p.8-22].

A letter from Rev. William H. Delancey, dated April 16, 1832, declines the vestry committee's overture for a permanent connection with Christ Church, citing his obligations to the University [p.6]. Finally, an April 20, 1832 request from Clement English and Eliza C. Souder, a committee of the Male Sunday School of Christ Church, asks permission to take up a collection to address a debt of thirty-five dollars contracted in May 1831; the vestry declined to permit another collection but some individual members collected ten dollars, given to Mr. English on April 29, 1832 [p.7].</text>
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Other notable documents include a letter from a congregant strongly advising the Vestry against hiring an assistant minister on a one-year probationary basis, arguing it would be detrimental to both the minister and the congregation. Additionally, there is a significant 1824 memorial signed by members of Christ Church, St. Peter's, and St. James proposing the separation of the United Churches into independent entities to increase revenues and the usefulness of the clergy.</text>
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                <text>This collection of correspondence and petitions was addressed to the Vestry of the United Churches of Christ Church, St. Peter's, and St. James in Philadelphia between 1822 and 1825, largely concerning the use of land surrounding the burial ground in Fifth Street.

Several documents relate to fire companies seeking to occupy Church land. A committee of the Resolution Hose Company petitioned the Vestry to confirm a grant of the site in Fifth Street formerly occupied by the Amicable Fire Company, and requested permission to extend and expand the building [p.1]. In their formal petition, the company noted it had been active since 1804 and had lost its previous home when the New Theatre burned in 1820 and was rebuilt [p.2]. The four surviving active members of the Amicable Fire Engine Company explained that their company was effectively dissolved, between 40 and 50 dollars in debt, with a broken engine estimated to cost 150 dollars to repair, and proposed bequeathing their engine and apparatus to the Resolution Hose Company; honorary members endorsed the transfer [p.3r].

Subsequent letters, addressed to committee members G. Bringhurst and Wm. Murdoch, negotiate the terms of building. The company initially objected to being required to build vaults beneath the proposed ornamental two-story house given its limited funds [p.5r-5v], but later agreed to undertake the vaults according to the Vestry's directions and to erect a building from a plan by Mr. Haviland, suggesting the Vestry contribute at least one hundred dollars toward the vaults [p.6r-6v]. In June 1823 the company reported having finished three vaults for the Church's use and again requested assistance in defraying costs [p.7]. The Hope Engine Company separately applied in 1823 for permission to erect an engine house on St. Peter's burial ground [p.8, p.9].

An 1825 letter from the Trustees of the M.E. Union Church requested that two windows opening onto the churchyard from their newly erected Sunday School building be permitted to remain for ventilation and light [p.10].

Two documents concern church governance rather than land. A copy of an 1822 letter from a self-described member and constituent urged the Vestry to abandon its plan of calling assistant ministers on a one-year probationary basis, arguing that turning a clergyman adrift after a year would be cruel and would injure the church's standing [p.4r-4v]. A memorial read in Vestry on 3 March 1824, signed by prominent members of all three congregations including Joseph Hopkinson, Charles Wheeler, William Rawle Jr., and members of the Ingersoll and Lewis families, requested the Vestry consider a plan of altering the charter to make each church independent for certain purposes [p.11r-11v].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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                <text>Letters, petitions, and associated documents addressed to or concerning the vestry of the United Churches of Christ Church, St. Peter's Church, and St. James' Church in Philadelphia, dated 1803-1821. The documents concern church music and worship practices, including objections to reportedly "offensive" music at St. Peter's Church, Isaac P. Cole's resignation as clerk over limits placed on sacred music, and compensation for organ repair at Christ Church; financial and estate matters, including ground rents, charitable funds, the Dobbins estate, and the Mary Stephens estate; proposed property acquisition for a new Episcopal church; appointments and duties of church officers; library access for ministerial education; and requested improvements to the St. Peter's vestry room and Sunday school facilities.

Noteworthy items include an 1803 petition criticizing "Light airy and Unseemly Musick &amp; play House Tunes" introduced at St. Peter's Church; correspondence relating to a South Carolina bequest for a Philadelphia charitable institution; a proposal by the Female Sunday School Society of St. Peter's Church to help fund an addition for school use; and documents reflecting early nineteenth-century debates over sacred music, church administration, charitable education, and institutional finance in Philadelphia Episcopal congregations.</text>
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                <text>This collection of thirteen documents comprises correspondence and related records received by the Vestry of the United Episcopal Churches of Philadelphia between 1803 and 1821. The earliest item is a petition dated April 15, 1803, in which members of St. Peter's Church protest the introduction of "Light airy and Unseemly Musick &amp; play House Tunes" by the church's clerk, arguing that such tunes "defile the Service of the Sanctuary," and requesting a return to solemn, traditional psalmody sung in "our Good old Tenor" [p.1r-1v].

Several documents concern the settlement of the estate of Mr. Dobbins, who left his property to a charitable institution in Philadelphia. A letter from Thomas Jones of Charleston dated August 19, 1805 conveys the legal opinion of Henry Bailey, Esq. regarding the transfer of bank stock and the residuary estate [p.2]. A copy of the Vestry's reply of May 6, 1806 to Jones references a power of attorney sent to Judge William Johnson Jr. and Henry William DeSaussure to make releases and acquittances [p.3r-3v], and further correspondence discusses executor's commissions and the assignment of outstanding debts [p.4v].

A January 1, 1807 letter from George Sheaff conveys his sister Mrs. Muhlenberg's terms for the sale of a lot on Seventh Street near Market for erecting an Episcopal church, offered at $8,500 [p.5r-5v]. Hugh Still (or Hill) applies for the position of sexton of St. Peter's Church on April 6, 1807, supported by a list of recommending subscribers [p.6r-6v].

A March 26, 1813 letter from a committee of the Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church (William Tilghman, James Milnor, and William Meredith) proposes to deposit newly purchased modern divinity books in the churches' library to support the education of ministerial candidates [p.7]. Paul Beck Jr., appointed treasurer of Christ Church Hospital, writes on June 2, 1813 recommending the sale of 22 small, taxable ground rents (totaling $294.28) to purchase non-taxable ones, saving the institution about $60 per annum, and includes an itemized list [p.8r-8v].

Isaac P. Cole submits his resignation as clerk of St. Peter's Church on June 24, 1815, expressing discouragement that his efforts to promote "the Science of Sacred Music" and to establish a choir met with "almost uniform disaprobation" [p.9r-9v]. A memorandum dated April 18, 1819 concerns Samuel Volans's administration of the estate of Mary Stephens and the discharge of a bond and mortgage of $266.66 [p.10].

A petition dated June 19, 1820 from the Managers of the Female Sunday School Society of St. Peter's Church (signed by Thomas Clifford, First Vice, and A. Keasbey, Secretary) reports on their school of about sixty children and requests that the Vestry authorize the enlargement of the vestry room—for which they obtained a plan and estimate not exceeding $700, offering to contribute $200 themselves [p.11r-11v]. Thomas Loud, organist of Christ and St. Peter's, writes on April 30, 1821 requesting compensation of about $40 for Mr. W. Hall, who spent nearly three weeks repairing the Christ Church organ [p.12]. Finally, Francis Cooper, clerk of St. Peter's, protests in a letter of June 20, 1821 a reduction of forty dollars in his annual salary plus the loss of a perquisite for recording baptisms, amounting to a "dead Loss" of fifty dollars [p.13].</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
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                <text>1.7.0.1; F61(a)</text>
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                <text>Christ Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>St. Peter's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>1769/1802</text>
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                <text>Correspondence and petitions addressed chiefly to Robert Towers and the Vestry of the united congregations of Christ Church and St. Peter's Church in Philadelphia. Materials concern church finances, property, bonds, pew rentals, charitable funds, and clergy compensation.

Includes letters from Cornelius Bradford and the heirs of the Bradford estate about settlement of a bond executed in favor of Dr. John Kearsley and vested in the Vestry; letters from Joseph Dobbins concerning Philadelphia property, money held by acquaintances, an annuity, and a proposed charitable benefit for poor widows; a petition from members of St. Peter's Church objecting to the practice of requiring payment of back arrearages before pews could be rented; and a petition from members of the united congregations asking the Vestry to raise the salary of Rev. James Abercrombie in order to prevent his departure for an Episcopal church in Baltimore.</text>
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                <text>Christ Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>St. Peter's Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>Church finance</text>
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                <text>Clergy--Salaries, etc.</text>
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                <text>Pews and pew rights</text>
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                <text>Charities</text>
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                <text>United Churches of Christ-Church and St. Peter's (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>7 documents</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Christ Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                <text>This group of seven documents centers on the affairs of Christ Church and St. Peter's Church in Philadelphia. Several items concern a bond executed by William Bradford Sr. and the late Cornelius Bradford in favor of Doctor John Kearsley, which had passed into the possession of the Vestry. Writing from New York on May 15, 1786, Cornelius Bradford expresses astonishment that the bond had not been paid off, explaining he had long ago left money with his brother William for that purpose, and notes that if forced to pay again he expects the interest accrued "during the time I was in Exile in the late War" to be relinquished [p.1r]. On April 13, 1787, Catharine Bradford, Wm. Denning, and Wm. C. Bradford wrote to Robert Towers and the Vestry, pressing for a determination on the settlement proposed earlier by James Bradford [p.2].

Other letters come from Joseph Dobbins. An early note of October 28, 1769, arranges for a cast iron chimney case in John Drinker's store to be shipped aboard Capt. Strong or Jones [p.3]. Writing from James Island, South Carolina, on May 27, 1789, Dobbins outlines his intention to give up a lot in 5th Street and land west of the Schuylkill, along with money held by John Drinker, James Hamilton, and Paul Esling amounting to roughly 500 pounds, directing that the land be leased and the money invested for the benefit of Doctor Kearsley's charity for poor widows, in exchange for a quarterly annuity of 40 Mexican silver dollars for life [p.4]. A further letter from Charleston, dated March 23, 1790, discusses accounts, a draft in favor of Isaac Parrish, goods received, and the chimney case valued at £18 per ton [p.5].

A petition dated April 20, 1802, from subscribing members of St. Peter's Church objects to the practice of renting out pews, arguing that requiring back arrearages was a hardship that harmed both religion and the church's interests, and requests that unrented pews occupied without payment be rented out to enhance the church's annual profits [p.6r-6v].

Finally, a letter of July 12, 1796, from members of the united congregations expresses regret at the probable loss of the Rev. Mr. Abercrombie, an assistant minister invited by the Episcopal Church in Baltimore, unless his salary is made competent to support his family. The signatories, who include Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, John Nixon, John Dunlap, and Moses Levy among many others, urge the Vestry to devise measures to prevent his removal [p.7r-7v].</text>
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                  <text>Christ Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1695, Christ Church was the first Anglican church to be established in Pennsylvania. This fulfilled the provision outlined by King Charles II in the charter he granted to William Penn in 1681 stipulating that if twenty individuals requested an Anglican clergyman the Bishop of London would appoint one. Accordingly, thirty-nine Philadelphians came together in 1695 to form Christ Church. Located on Second Street, just north of Market Street the Church transitioned from a small frame structure in its early years to the imposing Georgian structure built from 1727-1754 that still stands on the site today. Members of the Continental Congress and early government officials worshipped here and seven signers of the Declaration of Independence are buried on Church property. When the congregation grew too large to be accommodated here the vestry built St. Peter's at the southern edge of the city in 1760 and later St. James. Those United Churches remained a unit until the 1820s and 1830s. Christ Church is an active Episcopal parish today as well as a major historic site.&#13;
&#13;
The records consist of vestry minutes, parish records, accounting and financial records, deeds, architectural drawings, photographs, and audiovisual materials. In addition, there are materials from parish organizations and affiliated institutions such as Christ Church Hospital, Episcopal School, Christ Church Burial Ground, and Christ Church Preservation Trust.</text>
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                <text>The Neighborhood House of Christ Church, Philadelphia, with a Social Survey of its district</text>
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                <text>Wetherill, Francis Macomb</text>
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                <text>Bars (Drinking establishments)</text>
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                <text>Drinking of alcoholic beverages</text>
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                <text>Pennsylvania--Philadelphia</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="332138">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>thumb:001:https://www.philageohistory.org/rdic-images/common/get-jpeg-small.cfm/ChristChurch.SocialSurvey1915.001.jpg</text>
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                <text>A 1915 published report and social survey conducted by Christ Church in Philadelphia, detailing the community outreach of its Neighborhood House. The report provides a comprehensive house-to-house canvass of the district bounded by Seventh Street, the Delaware River, Vine Street, and Walnut Street.

The document serves as a valuable historical record of early 20th-century urban life in Philadelphia, capturing detailed statistics on population demographics, immigration, religious affiliations, and housing conditions. It highlights significant public health and moral concerns of the era, such as the prevalence of unsanitary privy wells, overcrowded tenements, and the dense concentration of saloons and sweatshops in the neighborhood.</text>
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                <text>Neighborhood House with Social Survey</text>
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                <text>This 1915 publication combines a rector's report with a social survey of the Christ Church parish district in Philadelphia, an area bounded by Seventh Street, the Delaware River, Vine Street, and Walnut Street. Rector Louis C. Washburn opens by defending the Church's contribution to social welfare and outlines four guiding "Key Words": Appreciation, Inspiration, Application, and Co-operation [p.3]. Observing the parish's 220th anniversary, he describes the partly built Neighborhood House at 20 North American Street, constructed at a cost of about $70,000, and its many agencies: a Lunch Room serving nearly 200 working women daily with an associated Vacation Fund, an Emergency Aid branch employing 25 unemployed women in supervised sewing, a Vacation Bible School, a modified milk distribution branch maintained by the Philadelphia Press, recreation opportunities, and a Boys' Club with a summer camp [p.4]. He recounts that the last dollar of building debt was paid in April 1915 and that a donor offered $3,000 toward the $10,000 needed to complete the third floor [p.7]. He also notes plans for a Day Nursery, then in abeyance because of the war [p.6].

The survey by assistant Francis M. Wetherill describes a door-to-door canvass conducted in the winter of 1914 by young women of the congregation, using cards with five questions on dwelling type, occupants and nationality, religion, children of school age, and remarks [p.9]. The methodology drew on the outline of the Social Service Commission of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America and the Trinity Church Social Survey of New York [p.9]. Detailed tables tabulate population, race, religion, children, and industries across thirty-four blocks [p.10-11], reporting a total of 62,457 working and living in the parish, with 58,935 working there, 3,522 residents, and 1,321 persons under fifteen [p.12]. The Sixth Ward's federal census population is shown declining from 10,004 in 1880 to 6,374 in 1910 [p.12].

Subsequent sections cover church activities [p.16-21], education [p.21-23], recreation [p.23], health [p.23-27], and housing [p.28-33]. The report documents vital statistics showing a Sixth Ward death rate above the city average, lists tubercular patients' addresses supplied by dispensaries and hospitals [p.25-27], and details unsanitary housing including condemned properties within 75 yards of Old Christ Church, hotels, lodging houses, tenements, and 124 privy wells [p.28-31]. Industrial conditions note about 60,000 daily workers, Jewish clothing sweat-shops along Market Street, and figures for the shoe, clothing, tobacco, wool, and office trades [p.33-34]. Centres of social uplift and public morals sections list charitable agencies, 65 saloons and 7 wholesale liquor dealers, pool rooms, and problems such as excursion steamer "speak-easies" on the Delaware River [p.34-39]. Wetherill concludes with seven constructive criticisms urging greater local awareness and responsibility, reduction of saloon licenses, improved sewer and drainage systems, a model tenement, a social center and playground, and expanded use of the Neighborhood House and the burial ground at Fifth and Arch Streets [p.40-42].</text>
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                  <text>St. Michael's Church, Trenton, NJ</text>
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                  <text>St. Michael's Church, Trenton, NJ</text>
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                  <text>A 1703 land grant from Governor Inglesby of the Jerseys opens St. Michael's document collection. It gives four English farmers land to build a church on the hills north of the Delaware falls which they shared with Scot farmers. The latter soon built themselves what was to become First Presbyterian Church (now of Ewing). In the early years, Anglicans and Presbyterians frequently shared worship and church governance, as neither had a full-time minister. St.Mary's (Anglican) church in Burlington had a full sanctuary building since 1703 and was the 'mother church' for the region, often supplying the Trenton area its minister. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining the what was to become St. Michael's parish, and by the 1740's land in Trenton proper was given to the congregation by General John Coxe, son of a prominent parishioner from St. Mary's, Daniel Coxe, who was the first Grand Master of the Scottish Rite of Masons on the continent.  St. Michael's original Trenton sanctuary was completed in 1751, then enlarged in 1801, 1819, and the 1850's to its present footprint. &#13;
&#13;
To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war, and worship resumed at the war's conclusion.  It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention, playing a substantial role in shaping the final document while brokering the decisions that contributed to our current form of government.  In 1801, St. Michael's was used as the location for the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States, at which time the current Articles of Religion were ratified. There, at the Annual Convention in 1815 the NJ Diocese was founded and its first bishop elected. Throughout the middle and late 19th century, St. Michael's founded mission schools and churches in and around Trenton. A detailed history of the church was written in the 1920's by Hamilton Schuyler, and is available online.  The documents in the collection were used to write that history and thus far include the parish proceedings from 1750 through the 1850's, the engineering specifications for the 1819 renovations, the church charter, along with birth, marriage, and death records from the period.  An interesting drawing of the layout of pews, which seems to be in David Brearley's handwriting, appears in the parish books. The documents also contain one of our original Books of Common Prayer from the 1740's, with marked-up changes, post-Revolution. &#13;
&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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                  <text>A 1703 land grant from Governor Inglesby of the Jerseys opens St. Michael's document collection. It gives four English farmers land to build a church on the hills north of the Delaware falls which they shared with Scot farmers. The latter soon built themselves what was to become First Presbyterian Church (now of Ewing). In the early years, Anglicans and Presbyterians frequently shared worship and church governance, as neither had a full-time minister. St.Mary's (Anglican) church in Burlington had a full sanctuary building since 1703 and was the 'mother church' for the region, often supplying the Trenton area its minister. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining the what was to become St. Michael's parish, and by the 1740's land in Trenton proper was given to the congregation by General John Coxe, son of a prominent parishioner from St. Mary's, Daniel Coxe, who was the first Grand Master of the Scottish Rite of Masons on the continent.  St. Michael's original Trenton sanctuary was completed in 1751, then enlarged in 1801, 1819, and the 1850's to its present footprint. &#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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Confirmation records run from page 73 to page 80, and include date, name, and remarks (usually name of officiant).

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Burials records run from page 145 to page 157, and include date, name, place of interment, age, and remarks (names of relatives, city of origin, person who performed burial).

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&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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The register portion of the document begins on image 98 with an undated
alphabetical list of church members, notated for communicants, contributors, and removed or deceased members. Christenings, marriages and burials are then listed in chronological groupings starting with image 105, beginning in 1769 and ending in 1855. Entries include dates, names, and other relevant data. Black persons are marked as "negros."

The next portion of the manuscript includes an account of communion collections on image 190, a list of pew holders as of December 1836 on image 202, and a list of communicants from 1840 on image 206. An index of the register entries from 1818-1822 appears on image 209, and the final pages of the manuscript contains a map and listings of interments in the St. Michael's burial ground.</text>
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The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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Included are: a record of the official naming of St. Michael's (submitted 1795, recorded 1796); lists of subscribers paying for Reverend Doctor Henry Waddell's salary, starting in 1797 and continuing for several years thereafter; a list of "Families of Episcopalians" in Trenton; an undated "plan of sittings" (map of church pews); Articles of Agreement for Building a Church in the City of Trenton, 1819; correspondence regarding the engagement of a minister; lists of communicants in 1855 and 1862; some marriage and baptismal records; and extracts from "Sermons by the Late Rev. John Logan, Edinburgh, one of the Ministers of Leith."</text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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&#13;
The early congregation of 222 families was mostly Irish but with 30 German and 15 French. Some of the more distinguished early members were George Meade, great-grandfather to Civil War General George Gordon Meade, the victor at Gettysburg; Revolutionary War naval hero Commodore John Barry; Thomas Fitzsimmons, a signer of the Constitution; and Matthew Carey, a leading publisher in the Federalist era.&#13;
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                  <text>Holy Trinity parish was formed in 1788 at the initiative of German-speaking Catholics who wanted a separate place for worship. Once established, it was the first ethnic parish in the United States. The movement for a separate congregation began when the Germans bought a purchased their own burial ground in 1768. They would also begin keeping separate registers in 1784. The German Catholic Society was organized in 1787 to acquire land for a church as well as for the maintaining of a school. Construction started on the church in in 1788 and the first Mass was held in 1789. The exterior of the church has remained largely unchanged, while the interior was twice destroyed by fire, the first in 1860 and again in 1890. &#13;
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Similar to Old St. Mary’s, Holy Trinity was incorporated with trustees, which led to a conflict with the bishops over the appointing of priests. This conflict would be resolved in 1859, when the original charter was replaced with a new one giving the Bishop more control. In 1797, the parish established America’s first Catholic orphanage for children left homeless by the yellow fever epidemics. The parish closed and combined with Old St. Mary’s in 2009.</text>
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                <text>Record of baptisms and burials undertaken by Holy Trinity from 1790 to 1826. The manuscript is in Latin.

The first page of the manuscript lists the Trustees of Holy Trinity from 1819 to 1826. Next is a summary of the numbers of "baptismi" (baptisms), "sepultura" (burials) and "matrimonia" (marriages) performed by each "pastore" (shepherd, reverend) from 1790 to 1823.

A chronological list of the baptisms performed by Reverend Wilhelmus Elling from 1799 to 1806 begins on image 9 and runs through image 82. Each entry includes name, date of birth, date of baptism, parents' names and names of sponsors. Some entries include the signatures of the parents and sponsors.

Image 83 lists all the infants who were buried in 1806. A chronological listing of burials from 1796 to 1798 takes up the remainder of the manuscript. Entries include the date of death, and sometimes place of death.</text>
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